spring-security3入门教程

c#小王子 2022-04-01 382 Java

Spring Security 3.x 出来一段时间了，跟Acegi是大不同了，与2.x的版本也有一些小小的区别，网上有一些文档，也有人翻译Spring Security 3.x的guide，但通过阅读guide，无法马上就能很容易的实现一个完整的实例。

我花了点儿时间，根据以前的实战经验，整理了一份完整的入门教程，供需要的朋友们参考。

1，建一个web project，并导入所有需要的lib，这步就不多讲了。

2，配置web.xml，使用Spring的机制装载：

	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
	<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
	    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee 
	    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
	    <context-param>
	        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
	        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
	    </context-param>
	 
	    <listener>
	        <listener-class>
	            org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
	        </listener-class>
	    </listener>
	 
	    <filter>
	        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
	        <filter-class>
	            org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy
	        </filter-class>
	    </filter>
	    <filter-mapping>
	        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
	        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	    </filter-mapping>
	 
	 
	    <welcome-file-list>
	        <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
	    </welcome-file-list>
	</web-app>

这个文件中的内容我相信大家都很熟悉了，不再多说了。

2，来看看applicationContext-security.xml这个配置文件，关于Spring Security的配置均在其中：

	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
	<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
	    xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
	           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
	           http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
	           http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.0.xsd">
	 
	    <http access-denied-page="/403.jsp"><!-- 当访问被拒绝时，会转到403.jsp -->
	        <intercept-url pattern="/login.jsp" filters="none" />
	        <form-login login-page="/login.jsp"
	            authentication-failure-url="/login.jsp?error=true"
	            default-target-url="/index.jsp" />
	        <logout logout-success-url="/login.jsp" />
	        <http-basic />
	        <!-- 增加一个filter，这点与Acegi是不一样的，不能修改默认的filter了，这个filter位于FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR之前 -->
	        <custom-filter before="FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR"
	            ref="myFilter" />
	    </http>
	 
	    <!-- 一个自定义的filter，必须包含authenticationManager,accessDecisionManager,securityMetadataSource三个属性，
	    我们的所有控制将在这三个类中实现，解释详见具体配置 -->
	    <beans:bean id="myFilter" class="com.robin.erp.fwk.security.MyFilterSecurityInterceptor">
	        <beans:property name="authenticationManager"  ref="authenticationManager" />
	        <beans:property name="accessDecisionManager"  ref="myAccessDecisionManagerBean" />
	        <beans:property name="securityMetadataSource"  ref="securityMetadataSource" />
	    </beans:bean>

	    <!-- 认证管理器，实现用户认证的入口，主要实现UserDetailsService接口即可 -->
	    <authentication-manager alias="authenticationManager">
	        <authentication-provider
	            user-service-ref="myUserDetailService">
	            <!--   如果用户的密码采用加密的话，可以加点“盐”
	                <password-encoder hash="md5" />
	            -->
	        </authentication-provider>
	    </authentication-manager>
	    <beans:bean id="myUserDetailService"
	        class="com.robin.erp.fwk.security.MyUserDetailService" />
	 
	    <!-- 访问决策器，决定某个用户具有的角色，是否有足够的权限去访问某个资源 -->
	    <beans:bean id="myAccessDecisionManagerBean"
	        class="com.robin.erp.fwk.security.MyAccessDecisionManager">
	    </beans:bean>
	    
	    <!-- 资源源数据定义，即定义某一资源可以被哪些角色访问 -->
	    <beans:bean id="securityMetadataSource"
	        class="com.robin.erp.fwk.security.MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSource" />
	 
	</beans:beans>

3，来看看自定义filter的实现：

	package com.robin.erp.fwk.security;
	import java.io.IOException;
	 
	import javax.servlet.Filter;
	import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
	import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
	import javax.servlet.ServletException;
	import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
	import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
	 
	import org.springframework.security.access.SecurityMetadataSource;
	import org.springframework.security.access.intercept.AbstractSecurityInterceptor;
	import org.springframework.security.access.intercept.InterceptorStatusToken;
	import org.springframework.security.web.FilterInvocation;
	import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;
	 
	public class MyFilterSecurityInterceptor extends AbstractSecurityInterceptor
	        implements Filter {
	 
	    private FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource securityMetadataSource;
	 
	    // ~ Methods
	    // ========================================================================================================
	 
	    /**
	     * Method that is actually called by the filter chain. Simply delegates to
	     * the {@link #invoke(FilterInvocation)} method.
	     * 
	     * @param request
	     *            the servlet request
	     * @param response
	     *            the servlet response
	     * @param chain
	     *            the filter chain
	     * 
	     * @throws IOException
	     *             if the filter chain fails
	     * @throws ServletException
	     *             if the filter chain fails
	     */
	    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
	            FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
	        FilterInvocation fi = new FilterInvocation(request, response, chain);
	        invoke(fi);
	    }
	 
	    public FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource getSecurityMetadataSource() {
	        return this.securityMetadataSource;
	    }
	 
	    public Class<? extends Object> getSecureObjectClass() {
	        return FilterInvocation.class;
	    }
	 
	    public void invoke(FilterInvocation fi) throws IOException,
	            ServletException {
	        InterceptorStatusToken token = super.beforeInvocation(fi);
	        try {
	            fi.getChain().doFilter(fi.getRequest(), fi.getResponse());
	        } finally {
	            super.afterInvocation(token, null);
	        }
	    }
	 
	    public SecurityMetadataSource obtainSecurityMetadataSource() {
	        return this.securityMetadataSource;
	    }
	 
	    public void setSecurityMetadataSource(
	            FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource newSource) {
	        this.securityMetadataSource = newSource;
	    }
	 
	    @Override
	    public void destroy() {
	    }
	 
	    @Override
	    public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
	    }
	 
	}

最核心的代码就是invoke方法中的InterceptorStatusToken token = super.beforeInvocation(fi);这一句，即在执行doFilter之前，进行权限的检查，而具体的实现已经交给accessDecisionManager了，下文中会讲述。

4，来看看authentication-provider的实现：

	package com.robin.erp.fwk.security;
	import java.util.ArrayList;
	import java.util.Collection;
	 
	import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
	import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
	import org.springframework.security.core.authority.GrantedAuthorityImpl;
	import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
	import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
	import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
	import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
	 
	public class MyUserDetailService implements UserDetailsService {
	 
	    @Override
	    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username)
	            throws UsernameNotFoundException, DataAccessException {
	        Collection<GrantedAuthority> auths=new ArrayList<GrantedAuthority>();
	        GrantedAuthorityImpl auth2=new GrantedAuthorityImpl("ROLE_ADMIN");
	        auths.add(auth2);
	        if(username.equals("robin1")){
	            auths=new ArrayList<GrantedAuthority>();
	            GrantedAuthorityImpl auth1=new GrantedAuthorityImpl("ROLE_ROBIN");
	            auths.add(auth1);
	        }
	        
	//        User(String username, String password, boolean enabled, boolean accountNonExpired,
	//                    boolean credentialsNonExpired, boolean accountNonLocked, Collection<GrantedAuthority> authorities) {
	        User user = new User(username,
	                "robin", true, true, true, true, auths);
	        return user;
	    }
	    
	}

在这个类中，你就可以从数据库中读入用户的密码，角色信息，是否锁定，账号是否过期等，我想这么简单的代码就不再多解释了。

【下载地址】

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提取码：9p4t